Behavioural economics is often taught using examples that simply do not fit the Indian reality. Nudging India: Applied Behavioural Economics and Choice Architecture in Emerging Markets bridges this gap by bringing the science of decision-making to the streets, screens, and workplaces of modern India.
This book serves as a practical toolkit grounded in real-world application. It features selected 26 case studies that break down the hidden forces shaping our daily choices. From understanding why retail investors panic during a stock market dip, to how quick-commerce apps discourage cash payments, to the psychology behind traffic violations in busy cities, the book explains human behavior in plain, accessible language.
Co-researched with young university students, these case studies capture the raw pulse of an economy viewed through the lens of a generation that grew up online. The book is divided into practical themes, exploring how choices are designed by the government (public policy) and by private companies (digital apps, retail, and human resources).
Nudging India is an essential guide for students, business managers, and policymakers who want to move beyond traditional economics. It provides a clear blueprint for understanding why people act the way they do, and how we can design better, more ethical environments that make the right choices easier.
Contents –
PART – I: THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The Choice Architecture Toolkit
Editor: Megha Agarwal
1.1 The Sovereignty of Choice and the Failure of the Rational Man
1.2 System 1 vs. System 2 Mechanics
1.3 Choice Architecture, Nudges, and Sludge
1.4 The Master Glossary of Cognitive Biases
1.5 The Taxonomy of Choice: From Theory to Statecraft
PART – II: THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE STATE
CASE 1: The Lottery of Compliance: Gamification and the Optimism Bias in Indian Railways
Authors: Jani Rudra, Bariya Vibhuti, Gajipara Priya, Shreya Bharuchwala
CASE 2: The Tragedy of the Commons: The Endowment Effect and Asset Retrieval in Indian Railways
Authors: Raj Hiteshkumar Patel, Sinh Ganesh Vinodsinh, Yash Krushnkumar Shingala
CASE 3: The Colour of Compliance: Salience and the Longitudinal Decay of Waste Segregation in Surat
Authors: Nancy Manish Patel, Krishani Pisolkar, Shreya Chetan Pisolkar, Hetvi Udhnawala, Riya Satani, Sneha Rathi
CASE 4: The Illusion of the Herd: Leveraging Dynamic Feedback to Curb Traffic Line Violations in Surat
Authors: Riddhi Patel, Palak Prajapati, Vaidika Gevariya, Darshy Shingala
CASE 5: The Viral Ballot: Source Heuristics and the Epistemic Decay of WhatsApp Forward Culture
Authors: Vidhi Desai, Neel Desai
CASE 6: The Architecture of Attention: Repurposing Urban Transit as a Cognitive Gateway in Surat
Authors: Manjarawala Kenil Pareshbhai, Panwala Shubham Mineshkumar, Ragadwala Dev Hemantkumar, Sandish Harsh Vinodbhai
PART – III THE DIGITAL PANOPTICON (E-commerce, UI/UX, & Algorithms)
CASE 7: The Friction of Cash: Engineering Payment Defaults in India’s Quick-Commerce Sector
Authors: Harshil Ode, Dev Patel, Harsh Patel, Prince Patel
CASE 8: The Paradox of Choice: Expectation Violation and Algorithmic Sludge in E-Grocery Stockouts
Authors: Nishit Patel, Deep Patel, Rachit Patel, Vinsh Patel
CASE 9: The Mirage of Free Money: Mental Accounting and the Gamification of UPI Rewards
Authors: Dev Modi, Meet Patel
CASE 10: The Gambler’s Fallacy: A behavioural Arms Race in India’s Retail Trading Ecosystem
Authors: Harsh Birade, Harshit Agrawal, Antrix Vegad
CASE 11: The Infinite Scroll: A Pre-Mortem of behavioural Detox in the Attention Economy
Authors: Parth Shah, Dhruv Patel, Jia Randeria, Rutvi Shah, Saiyam Doshi, Apeksha More, Krishgiri Goswami
CASE 12: The Social Surrogacy Trap: Parasocial Choice Architecture and the Erosion of Human Reciprocity
Authors: Chandwani Kashish, Arham Shah, Affan Ahmed Ansari
PART – IV: THE BEHAVIOURAL FIRM (Organisational Dynamics & HR)
CASE 13: The Architecture of Autonomy: Triangulating Productivity Nudges in the Hybrid Era
Authors: Vasu Nadoda, Heni Lukhi, Rudra Mavani
CASE 14: The Hidden Productivity Killer: Sickness Presenteeism and the Endowed Progress Effect in the Indian Workforce
Authors: Jaynil Parmar, Bhavya Khandor, Jaimin Chaudhary
CASE 15: The Innovation Shortcut: Hackathons as a behavioural Circuit Breaker for Capital Misallocation
Authors: Arpit Chodvadiya, Neel Dholakiya
CASE 16: The Visibility of Wellness: Ego Depletion and the Architecture of the Indian Office Food-scape
Authors: Dhruvik Dave, Jay Dave, Kishan Jani, Rahul Jani
CASE 17: The Halo Effect in Careers: Designing Choice Architecture for Vocational Fit in Indian Higher Education
Authors: Vaishnavi Patel, Riddhi Patel
PART – V: THE IRRATIONAL CONSUMER (micro-Nudges & Retail Psychology)
CASE 18: The Amenities Arbitrage: Unit Economics and Asset Attrition in India’s Mid-Scale Hospitality Sector
Authors: Prreksha Jaiinn, Riya Van, Darshan Rana, Dhruv Rana
CASE 19: The Portion Size Paradox: Aligning Unit Economics with Consumer Longevity in Food-Tech Platforms
Authors: Devang Sanghani, Yug Vadhel, Vraj Marfatia
CASE 20: The Tragedy of the Food Court: Status Heuristics and the Diffusion of Responsibility in the Experience Economy
Authors: Thakkar Nirvika, Soni Dixit, Salunke Roshni, Prajapati Kavit, Kareena Gandhi, Shruti Jain
CASE 21: The Placebo Button: Illusion of Control and the Sludge of Vertical Latency
Authors: Khushi Panthaki, Khushi Patel, Vidhi Patel, Heer Nakrani, Kishan Bhingradiya, Kikani Fenisha Nileshbhai, Bhavya Kakadiya, Denish Bhanderi
CASE 22: The Liking Bias: Reciprocity Arbitrage and the Unit Economics of Discretionary Rewards
Authors: Riya Gilitwala, Devangi Gandhi, Vatsal Jariwala, Ravi Gondaliya
CASE 23: The Painless Sacrifice: Numerical Homeostasis and the Spotlight Effect in Micro-Philanthropy
Authors: Sahil Shelar, Halak Vora, Vedanshi Punetha, Saksham Choudhary
PART – VI: THE WEALTH & HEALTH MATRIX (Long-Term Risk & Welfare)
CASE 24: Exponential Growth Blindness: Linear Heuristics and the Architecture of Terminal Value
Authors: Milan Sisodiya, Param Lukhi, Parth Kariya, Aashvi Vasani
CASE 25: Myopic Loss Aversion: The behavioural Bank Run and the Architecture of Anti-Fragility
Authors: Lakhani Parth, Langaliya Madhav, Lukhi Aryan
CASE 26: Forensic Diagnostic Report: Omission Bias and the Fiscal Leakage of Rural Immunisation Defaulters
Authors: Suhani Vinodbhai Babaria, Nishita Kalpesh Harsora, Yash Garudawala, Yakshrajsinh Chauhan, Aditya Patel, Ayush Joshi
APPENDIX A: The Choice Architect’s Pre-Launch Canvas
Glossary of Behavioural Economics Terms
Index of Cognitive Biases