The Constitution of India is a dynamic and living document that forms the backbone of the nation’s legal and political framework. Constitutional Law–II is an essential area of study that delves into the structural and functional aspects of governance, including federalism, centre-state relations, legislative and executive mechanisms, judicial institutions, and constitutional bodies.
This book is an earnest attempt to present these complex constitutional concepts in a clear, systematic, and student-friendly manner. It covers important themes such as the nature of Indian federalism, legislative procedures, powers of constitutional authorities, judicial activism, emergency provisions, and the basic structure doctrine, along with key constitutional institutions like the Election Commission, Finance Commission, and Public Service Commissions.
The objective of this work is to simplify intricate legal provisions while preserving their depth and significance, thereby enabling students to develop a strong conceptual understanding. Special care has been taken to organize the content module-wise in accordance with academic requirements, making it a useful resource for both examination preparation and academic reference.
Contents –
MODULE I – Union–State Relations and Federal Governance in India
1.1 Federalism
1.1.1 Concept and Idea of Federalism
1.1.2 State and Union Territories (Part-I and Part-VIII)
1.1.3 Features of Indian Federalism
1.1.4 Local Self-governing Bodies: Panchayats and Municipalities (Part IX and IX-A, 73rd & 74th Constitutional Amendments)
1.1.5 Scheduled and Tribal Areas (Part X–Articles 244 & 244A)
1.1.6 Special Provisions for Tribal Self-Governance
1.1.7 Forms of Government
1.2 Concept of Cooperative and Competitive Federalism
1.3 Centre–State Relations (Part-XI)
1.3.1 Legislative Relations
1.3.2 Administrative Relations
1.3.3 Finance, Property, Contract and Suits (Part-XII)
1.3.4 Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes (Part-XVI)
MODULE II – Constitutional Framework of Legislature and Executive in India
2.1 Legislature and Executive under the Indian Constitution
2.1.1 Unicameral and Bicameral Legislatures
2.1.2 Composition, Powers, and Functions of Union Legislature (Part-V, Chap-2)
2.1.3 Composition, Powers, and Functions of State Legislature (Part-VI,)
2.2 Qualification, Disqualification and Privileges of Members of Parliament
2.2.1 Members of Parliament
2.2.2 Members of Legislative Assembly
2.2.3 Anti-Defection Law (Xth Schedule)
2.3 Law-making Procedure
2.3.1 Types of Bills- Ordinary, Financial,Money and Appropriation
2.4 Qualification, Powers, and Functions of ConstitutionalMachineries
2.4.1 President and Vice President
2.4.2 Union Council of Ministers
2.4.3 Governor
2.4.4 State Council of Ministers
MODULE III – Judicial Independence, Activism and Accountability in the Indian Constitutional System
3.1 Judicial Activism
3.2 Independence of Judiciary
3.3 Judicial Accountability
3.4 National Judicial Appointments Commission
MODULE IV – Constitutional Governance: Emergencies, Amendments and Constitutional Bodies
4.1 Emergency (Part XVIII)
4.1.1 Types of Emergencies
4.1.2 Grounds for Proclamation
4.1.3 Consequences of Proclamation
4.1.4 Judicial Review of Proclamation of Emergencies
4.2 Amendment and the Basic Structure Doctrine (Part-XX)
4.3 Constitutional Bodies and Offices
4.3.1 Services (Part-XIV, Chap-1)
4.3.2 UPSC and State Public Service Commission (Part-XIV, Chap-2)
4.3.3 Election Commission of India (Part-XV)
4.3.4 Attorney General and Advocate Generals (Relevant Chapters from Part-V and Part-VI)
4.3.5 Comptroller and Auditor General of India (Part-V, Chap-5)
4.3.6 Finance Commission (Art. 280, Art. 281)
4.3.7 National Commissions for SC, ST and Backward Classes (Art. 338, Art. 338-A, Art. 338-B)
4.4 Inter-state Trade and Commerce (Part-XIII)
4.4.1 Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse
4.4.2 Restrictions on the Freedom
4.5 Cooperative Societies (Part-IX-B)
