It gives us immense pleasure to present the Textbook of S.Y.B.Sc. Botany Major Course – II (Semester IV, All Scheme), designed as per the revised NEP 2020 syllabus, University of Mumbai, to offer a clear and concise understanding of Plant Anatomy, Physiology, and Biochemistry.

Module I focuses on the internal structure of plants, covering meristems, tissues, vascular cambium, secondary growth, and the significance of anatomy in taxonomy and adaptation.

Module II highlights vital physiological and biochemical processes, including phytochrome activity, photoperiodism, vernalisation, stress responses, and the fundamentals of carbohydrates, proteins, and enzymes.

Written in simple, lucid language, this book aims to build scientific thinking while deepening students’ appreciation of plant life and its complex functions.

Contents –

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
1. PHYTOCHROME
2. PHOTOPERIODISM
3. VERNALISATION
4. STRESS
PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY
5. CARBOHYDRATES
6. PROTEINS
7. ENZYMES
PLANT ANATOMY
8. MERISTEM